Gas burner



Feb. 20,193.4.l MQMQCOURT 1,947,866

GAS BURNER Filed Deo. 26, 1929-;

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` 19 19 le Il zo 76 2a 'H' l 70 [k 12 Patented F eb. 20, 1934 STATESPTNT zFPECE 1 Claim.`

It is an object of my invention to provide means whereby eithe1` naturalgas or manufactured gas can be burned while not under pressure, i. e.,substantially at atmospheric pressure.

Another object of the invention is to provide for very thorough mixingof the gas and air before the point of ignition is reached and therebyinsure complete combustion.

Referring to the drawing, which is made aV part hereof and in whichsimilar reference characters indicate similar parts,

Fig. 1 is a plan of my device,

Fig. 2, a vertical longitudinal section, partly in elevation,

lo Fig. 3, a rear end View,

The exit opening through the valve il is of such a size as to permit thegas to expand materially in the pipe l2, which serves as an expansionchamber, so that the gas passes through the chamber 12 substantially atatmospheric pres- G' sure to the exit opening 13. Adjacent said exitopening and preferably at some distance back of the same I provide avane member 14 having helicoidal vanes 15 whereby the current of gas isgiven. a whirling motion in one direction.

A pipe or drum 16 surrounds the expansion chamber 12 and it will beevident that this pipe or drum may be of any convenient form so long asit is so made as to provide an exit opening substantially concentricwith the exit opening 13 of the expansion chamber. A support 18 is shownin the form of a sleeve located on the wall of the expansion chamber 12said sleeve having vanes 18 thereon directed oppostely to those of themember 14, so as to impart to the air current passing through part 16 awhirling motion 1n a direction opposite to that given to the current ofgas. It will be evident that this motion may differ in degree from thatimposed on the current of gas and that it may even be in the samedirection but slower or more rapid. I prefer, however, that it should bein the opposite direction, as affording the most desirable results.

A ring 19 strengthens the iront end of drum 15 and defines the exitopening thereof. 'Ihe rear '5 end of the drum 16 is supported from thepipe l2 by a spider 19' having radial members 20 as illustrated in Fig.3 andthereby leaving openings at 2G for access of air which will bedrawn through the passage by the suction created by the flame at thefront end of the burner as will also the gas in the expansion chamber.For varying the richness of the mixture I provide an air valve or damperin the form of a disk 22 siidably supported on pipe 12 and held inadjusted position relatively to the openings by means of a set screw 23.

It is desirable to provide a pilot light for the burner and in apreferred form I have done this by locating a small nozzle 24 in theexpansion chamber adjacent the valve 11 this being connected by a pipeline 25 to the gas line 10 back of the valve 11. In this way a smallamount of gas may pass into the expansion chamber when the valve 11 isclosed so as to maintain a pilot light at the front end of the device,i. e., at the ignition point a little to the right of the outerend ofvane member 14 approximately at the point marked X which will ignite theburner in usual manner when the full ilow of gas is turned on as forheating a furnace or the like. The supply oi gas to the nozzle 24 can becut off when desired by means of a gas cock 26. The pilot light burnsgas not under pressure with the point of ignition surrounded by aprotecting member; that is, the ignition is in the mixing chamber whichis shielded from any currents of air and is large enough to permit thegas to expand so that there will be no pressure on the gas.

If the gas pipe 25 is a quarter of an inch pipe and the pipe thatconstitutes the expansion chamber 12 is a two inch pipe, there would bean expansion of this gas on a ratio nearly as is to 1. This may beproven as follows. The actual inside diameter of a one quarter inch pipeis 0.364 inch and that or" a 2 inch pipe is 2,067 inches. Inasmuch asthe areas of circles are proportional to the squares of their diameters,the ratio of the areas of cross section of these two pipes is X. Thisignition point is at the outer end of the vanes 15 where it will come incontact with air not under pressure. The ignition will be inside theopening 13.

By having a suicient mixture of a small amount of gas with air atatmospheric pressure that ignites at a point where it will not besubjected to any currents of air, the pilot light will not be liable tobe extinguished by air currents. One of the troubles with other gasburners now n use is that the pilot lights frequently blow out. Onereason for this is that the gas is under pressure and this gas underpressure meets currents of air of varying velocity that cause the flameto be blown out. By releasing a small and constant ovv of gas throughthe by-pass pipe 25 around the valve 11 into the expansion chamber 12,the expansion chamber 12 is lled with gas not under pressure that willignite only after it has passed through the vanes 15 and mixed with theair that has moved back through the member 19 into the chamber 12.

It will be obvious to those skilled in the art that various othermodifications may be made in my device without departing from the spiritof my invention and therefore I do not limit myself to what is shown inthe drawing and described in the specification but only as set forth inthe appended claim.

Having thus fully described my said invention, what I claim as new anddesire to secure by Letters Patent is:

In a gas burner, a tube, a member having spiral vanes arranged in thetube to divide it into a long rear chamber and a short front chamber ofsimilar internal diameter, said front chamber being fully open at itsfront end, a valve in said tube for admitting gas to the rear end ofsaid rear chamber, an air pipe surrounding the tube in spaced relationthereto and extending from the front end of the tube to a point near therear end thereof, said air pipe having at its front end a dischargeopening surrounding the open front end of said front chamber, said airpipe having at its rear end an intake open to the atmosphere, a memberhaving spiral vanes directed oppositely to the Vanes of said rst member,said second member being slightly longer than said front chamber andarranged in the air pipe in sur;- rounding relation to said frontchamber, and a by-pass for gas around said valve having an innerdiameter smaller than that of said rear chamber and entering saidchamber near the rear end thereof in advance of the valve, said bypassbeing adapted to supply said rear chamber with a small amount of gaswhich expands in said chamber and then flows at substantiallyatmospheric pressure to said front chamber to maintain a pilot flamewithin said front chamber, and the Wall of said front chamber shieldingthe llame from air currents. l

JOHN T. MCCOU'RT.

